{"id":9916,"date":"2021-11-28T13:23:01","date_gmt":"2021-11-28T21:23:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=9916"},"modified":"2023-03-18T23:22:43","modified_gmt":"2023-03-18T23:22:43","slug":"earthquake-report-m-7-5-in-peru","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=9916","title":{"rendered":"Earthquake Report: M 7.5 in Peru"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>In the middle of the night (my time) I got a notification from the EMSC earthquake notification service. I encourage everyone to download and use this app.<\/p>\n<p>There was an intermediate depth magnitude M 7.5 earthquake in Peru. The tectonics in this region of the world are dominated by the convergent plate boundary, a subduction zone formed by the convergence of the oceanic Nazca and continental South America plates.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/earthquake.usgs.gov\/earthquakes\/eventpage\/us7000fxq2\/executive\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/earthquake.usgs.gov\/earthquakes\/eventpage\/us7000fxq2\/executive<\/a><\/p>\n<p>As the Nazca plate subducts, it dips below the South America plate at different dip angles. In this region of Peru, the dip angle is shallow and we term this flat-slab subduction.<\/p>\n<p>This M 7.5 earthquake occurred in the downgoing Nazca plate, so was not a subduction zone megathrust event, but a &#8220;slab&#8221; event (for being in the Nazca slab).<\/p>\n<p>I prepared a much more extensive report for a M 8.0 earthquake in a nearby location that happened on 26 May 2019. Read more about the tectonics of this region in that <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=8541\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">report here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Was this M 7.5 an aftershock of the M 8.0? Probably not, based on the USGS M 8.0 slip model. However this M 7.5 could have been triggered by changes in static coulomb stress following the M 8.0.<\/p>\n<p>I don\u2019t always have the time to write a proper Earthquake Report. However, I prepare interpretive posters for these events.<\/p>\n<p>Because of this, I present Earthquake Report Lite. (but it is more than just water, like the adult beverage that claims otherwise). I will try to describe the figures included in the poster, but sometimes I will simply post the poster here.<\/p>\n<h2><font color=\"orange\">Below is my interpretive poster for this earthquake<\/font><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>I plot the seismicity from the past month, with diameter representing magnitude (see legend). I include earthquake epicenters from 1921-2021 with magnitudes M \u2265 3.0 in one version. <\/li>\n<li>I plot the USGS fault plane solutions (moment tensors in blue and focal mechanisms in orange), possibly in addition to some relevant historic earthquakes. <\/li>\n<li>A review of the basic base map variations and data that I use for the interpretive posters can be found on the <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?page_id=3218\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Earthquake Reports page<\/a>. I have improved these posters over time and some of this background information applies to the older posters.<\/li>\n<li>Some basic fundamentals of earthquake geology and plate tectonics can be found on the <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?page_id=8202\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Earthquake Plate Tectonic Fundamentals page<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<h3><font color=\"orange\">I include some inset figures. <\/font><\/h3>\n<li>In the upper left corner is a large scale plate tectonic map showing the major plate boundary faults.<\/li>\n<li>In the lower left center is a map showing how the Nazca slab is configured in different locations (Ramos and Folguera, 2009).<\/li>\n<li>In the left center is a cross section showing seismicity in this region (Kirby et al., 1995). The source area for this plot is designated by a dashed yellow box on the map.<\/li>\n<li>In the upper right corner is a pair of maps that show the landslide probability (left) and the liquefaction susceptibility (right) for this M 7.5 earthquake. I spend more time describing these types of data here. <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=8541\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><\/a>Read more about these maps <a href=\"https:\/\/earthquake.usgs.gov\/data\/ground-failure\/background.php\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here<\/a>. <\/li>\n<li>In the lower right corner I plot the USGS modeled intensity (Modified Mercalli Intensity scale, MMI) and the USGS &#8220;Did You Feel It?&#8221; observations (labeled in yellow). Above the map is a plot showing these same data plotted relative to distance from the earthquake. Read more about what these data sets are and what they represent in the <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=8541\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">report here<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Here is the map with 3 month&#8217;s seismicity plotted.<\/li>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/earthquakes\/20211128_peru\/20211128_peru_interpretation.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/earthquakes\/20211128_peru\/20211128_peru_interpretation.jpg\" width=\"100%\"  alt=\"\" \/><\/a>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<h2> <strong><font color=orange>Chile | South America<\/font><\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3>General Overview<\/h3>\n<li>2010.02.27 <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=5111\">M 8.8 Earthquake Review<\/a><\/li>\n<h3>Earthquake Reports<\/h3>\n<li>2021.11.28 <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=9916\">M 7.5 Peru<\/a><\/li>\n<li>2019.08.01 <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=8948\">M 6.8 Chile<\/a><\/li>\n<li>2019.06.14 <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=8588\">M 6.4 Chile<\/a><\/li>\n<li>2019.05.26 <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=8541\">M 8.0 Peru<\/a><\/li>\n<li>2019.05.12 <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=8499\">M 6.1 Panama<\/a>\n<li>2019.03.01 <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=8384\">M 7.0 Peru<\/a><\/li>\n<li>2019.02.22 <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=8361\">M 7.5 Ecuador<\/a><\/li>\n<li>2019.01.20 <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=8233\">M 6.7 Chile<\/a><\/li>\n<li>2018.08.21 <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=7657\">M 7.3 Venezuela<\/a><\/li>\n<li>2018.08.24 <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=7690\">M 7.1 Peru<\/a><\/li>\n<li>2018.04.02 <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=7301\">M 6.8 Bolivia<\/a><\/li>\n<li>2018.01.14 <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=6910\">M 7.1 Peru<\/a>\n<li>2018.01.15 <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=6933\">M 7.1 Peru<\/a> Update #1<\/li>\n<li>2017.06.30 <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=5588\">M 6.0 Ecuador<\/a><\/li>\n<li>2017.04.24 <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=5294\">M 6.9 Chile<\/a><\/li>\n<li>2017.04.23 <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=5277\">M 5.9 Chile<\/a><\/li>\n<li>2016.12.25 <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=4659\">M 7.6 Chile<\/a><\/li>\n<li>2016.11.24 <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=4480\">M 7.0 El Salvador<\/a><\/li>\n<li>2016.11.04 <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=4457\">M 6.4 Maule, Chile<\/a><\/li>\n<li>2016.04.16 <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=3991\">M 7.8 Ecuador<\/a><\/li>\n<li>2016.04.16 <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=4004\">M 7.8 Ecuador<\/a> Update #1<\/li>\n<li>2015.11.29 <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=3356\">M 5.9 Argentina<\/a><\/li>\n<li>2015.11.11 <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=3199\">M 6.9 Chile<\/a><\/li>\n<li>2015.11.24 <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=3333\">M 7.6 Peru<\/a><\/li>\n<li>2015.11.26 <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=3346\">M 7.6 Peru Update<\/a><\/li>\n<li>2015.09.16 <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=2932\">M 8.3 Chile<\/a><\/li>\n<li>2014.04.01 <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=1472\">M 8.2 Chile<\/a><\/li>\n<li>2010.02.27 <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=5111\">M 8.8 Chile<\/a><\/li>\n<li>1960.05.22 <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=7109\">M 9.5 Chile<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<h2><strong><font color=\"orange\">Social Media<\/font><\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<h2><strong><font color=\"orange\">References:<\/font><\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3>Basic &#038; General References<\/h3>\n<li>Frisch, W., Meschede, M., Blakey, R., 2011. Plate Tectonics, Springer-Verlag, London, 213 pp.<\/li>\n<li>Hayes, G., 2018, Slab2 &#8211; A Comprehensive Subduction Zone Geometry Model: U.S. Geological Survey data release, <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5066\/F7PV6JNV\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5066\/F7PV6JNV<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Holt, W. E., C. Kreemer, A. J. Haines, L. Estey, C. Meertens, G. Blewitt, and D. Lavallee (2005), Project helps constrain continental dynamics and seismic hazards, Eos Trans. AGU, 86(41), 383\u2013387, , <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2005EO410002\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2005EO410002<\/a>. \/li>\n<li>Jessee, M.A.N., Hamburger, M. W., Allstadt, K., Wald, D. J., Robeson, S. M., Tanyas, H., et al. (2018). A global empirical model for near-real-time assessment of seismically induced landslides. Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, 123, 1835\u20131859. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2017JF004494\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2017JF004494<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Kreemer, C., J. Haines, W. Holt, G. Blewitt, and D. Lavallee (2000), On the determination of a global strain rate model, Geophys. J. Int., 52(10), 765\u2013770. <\/li>\n<li>Kreemer, C., W. E. Holt, and A. J. Haines (2003), An integrated global model of present-day plate motions and plate boundary deformation, Geophys. J. Int., 154(1), 8\u201334, , <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-246X.2003.01917.x\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-246X.2003.01917.x<\/a>. <\/li>\n<li>Kreemer, C., G. Blewitt, E.C. Klein, 2014. A geodetic plate motion and Global Strain Rate Model in Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 15, p. 3849-3889, <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/2014GC005407\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/2014GC005407<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Meyer, B., Saltus, R., Chulliat, a., 2017. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ngdc.noaa.gov\/geomag\/emag2.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">EMAG2: Earth Magnetic Anomaly Grid (2-arc-minute resolution) Version <\/a>3. National Centers for Environmental Information, NOAA. Model. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7289\/V5H70CVX\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7289\/V5H70CVX<\/a><\/li>\n<li>M\u00fcller, R.D., Sdrolias, M., Gaina, C. and Roest, W.R., 2008, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.earthbyte.org\/people\/dietmar\/Pdf\/Muller_etal_age_rate_asym_G3_2008.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Age spreading rates and spreading asymmetry of the world&#8217;s ocean crust<\/a> in Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 9, Q04006, <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2007GC001743\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2007GC001743<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Pagani,M. , J. Garcia-Pelaez, R. Gee, K. Johnson, V. Poggi, R. Styron, G. Weatherill, M. Simionato, D. Vigan\u00f2, L. Danciu, D. Monelli (2018). Global Earthquake Model (GEM) Seismic Hazard Map (version 2018.1 &#8211; December 2018), DOI: 10.13117\/GEM-GLOBAL-SEISMIC-HAZARD-MAP-2018.1<\/li>\n<li>Silva, V ., D Amo-Oduro, A Calderon, J Dabbeek, V Despotaki, L Martins, A Rao, M Simionato, D Vigan\u00f2, C Yepes, A Acevedo, N Horspool, H Crowley, K Jaiswal, M Journeay, M Pittore, 2018. Global Earthquake Model (GEM) Seismic Risk Map (version 2018.1). <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.13117\/GEM-GLOBAL-SEISMIC-RISK-MAP-2018.1\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.13117\/GEM-GLOBAL-SEISMIC-RISK-MAP-2018.1<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Zhu, J., Baise, L. G., Thompson, E. M., 2017, An Updated Geospatial Liquefaction Model for Global Application, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 107, p 1365-1385, <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/0.1785\/0120160198\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/0.1785\/0120160198<\/a><\/li>\n<h3>Specific References<\/h3>\n<li>Antonijevic, S.K., et a;l., 2015. The role of ridges in the formation and longevity of flat slabs in Nature, v. 524, p. 212-215, doi:10.1038\/nature14648<\/li>\n<li>Bishop, B.T., Beck, S.L., Zandt, G., Wagner, L., Long, M., Knezevic Antonijevic, S., Kumar, A., and Tavera, H., 2017, Causes and consequences of flat-slab subduction in southern Peru: Geosphere, v. 13, no. 5, p. 1392\u20131407, doi:10.1130\/GES01440.1.<\/li>\n<li>Chlieh, M. Mothes, P.A>, Nocquet, J-M., Jarrin, P., Charvis, P., Cisneros, D., Font, Y., Color, J-Y., Villegas-Lanza, J-C., Rolandone, F., Vall\u00e9e, M., Regnier, M., Sogovia, M., Martin, X., and Yepes, H., 2014. <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/earthquakes\/20160416_ecuador\/Chlieh_et_al_2014_Coupling_Ecuador.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Distribution of discrete seismic asperities and aseismic slip along the Ecuadorian megathrust<\/a> in Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 400, p. 292\u2013301<\/li>\n<li>Kumar, A., et al., 2016. Seismicity and state of stress in the central and southern Peruvian flat slab in EPSL, v. 441, p. 71-80. <a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/j.epsl.2016.02.023\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/j.epsl.2016.02.023<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Rhea, S., Hayes, G., Villase\u00f1or, A., Furlong, K.P., Tarr, A.C., and Benz, H.M., 2010. Seismicity of the earth 1900\u20132007, Nazca Plate and South America: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010\u20131083-E, 1 sheet, scale 1:12,000,000.<\/li>\n<li>Villegas-Lanza, J. C., M. Chlieh, O. Cavali\u00e9, H. Tavera, P. Baby, J. Chire-Chira, and J.-M. Nocquet (2016), Active tectonics of Peru: Heterogeneous interseismic coupling along the Nazca megathrust, rigid motion of the Peruvian Sliver, and Subandean shortening accommodation, J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth, 121, 7371\u20137394, <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/2016JB013080\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/2016JB013080<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Wagner, L.S., and Okal, E.A., 2019. The Pucallpa Nest and its constraints on the geometry of the Peruvian Flat Slab in Tectonophysics, v. 762, p. 97-108, <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tecto.2019.04.021\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tecto.2019.04.021<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Yepes,H., L. Audin, A. Alvarado, C. Beauval, J. Aguilar, Y. Font, and F. Cotton (2016), A new view for the geodynamics of Ecuador: Implication in seismogenic source definition and seismic hazard assessment, Tectonics, 35, 1249\u20131279, <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/2015TC003941\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/2015TC003941<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><font color=\"orange\"><strong>Return to the <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?page_id=3218\">Earthquake Reports page<\/a>.<\/font><\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Sorted by <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?page_id=3219\">Magnitude<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Sorted by <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?page_id=3220\">Year<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Sorted by <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?page_id=9351\">Day of the Year<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Sorted By <a href=\"http:\/\/earthjay.com\/?page_id=3226\">Region<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- time to complete: 6.25 hours -- 10:00 - 16:15--><br \/>\n<!--\n\u00b0\n\u2265\n\u00d1\n\u00f6\n\u00e1\n\u00b1\n\n\n<ul>\n\t\n\n<li><\/li>\n\n\n\n\n<blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n<ul>\n\t\n\n<li><\/li>\n\n\n<a href=\"\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\" width=\"100%\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a>\n\n\n<blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"entry-summary\">\nIn the middle of the night (my time) I got a notification from the EMSC earthquake notification service. I encourage everyone to download and use this app. There was an intermediate depth magnitude M 7.5 earthquake in Peru. The tectonics&hellip;\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/earthjay.com\/?p=9916\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &ldquo;Earthquake Report: M 7.5 in Peru&rdquo;<\/span>&hellip;<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":9944,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[5,6,53,7,27,34],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/earthjay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/20211128_peru_interpretation-scaled-1.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/earthjay.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9916"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/earthjay.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/earthjay.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/earthjay.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/earthjay.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9916"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/earthjay.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9916\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10926,"href":"https:\/\/earthjay.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9916\/revisions\/10926"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/earthjay.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/9944"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/earthjay.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9916"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/earthjay.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9916"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/earthjay.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9916"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}